![]() ![]() For example, if good schooling cannot ordinarily be expected to have a large impact on poor students’ lives, this fact calls into question certain aspects of the “No Child Left Behind” movement of the last decade. This understanding of low-income students’ school performance has important implications for school-reform efforts. Attacking schools and teachers makes everyone feel like a reformer, but the problems begin long before a child steps through the schoolhouse door. So let’s seek to improve the state of families. The obvious and subtle ways that poverty inhibits a child’s ability to learn-from hearing, visual and dental problems to higher asthma rates to diminished verbal interaction in the home-have been well-documented. There’s only so much they can do to address problems that troubled students bring to class every day, including neglect, abuse, and unaddressed medical and mental health issues. Let’s be realistic: Teachers aren’t miracle workers. Good schooling, then, can only go so far in overcoming the many strikes that low-income students and those of color have against them even before they enter kindergarten and the problems they continue to experience thereafter. However, a large body of research demonstrates that students’ family and neighborhood backgrounds actually matter much more than the quality of schooling for their school performance (Downey & Gibbs, 2012 Ladd & Fiske, 2011). As we consider how to improve the nation’s schools, and especially how to improve outcomes for low-income students and students of color, we need to keep in mind an important consideration: Good schooling can make an important difference for these students, and good teachers can greatly help low-income students (Chetty et al., 2011). ![]() This concluding section focuses mostly on elementary and secondary education, given its critical importance for young people’s development. List any three strategies that will improve the education of low-income students.Discuss the importance of good teachers.Understand how helpful good schooling can be to improve the lives of low-income children. ![]()
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